A simple data hiding technique for binary images is proposed. It is a “pattern” based method instead of block based like most of others. The embedding rules are as follows: If the number of black pixels in a pattern is even, it implies that this pattern embeds a “0”. If the number of black pixels in a pattern is odd, it implies that this pattern embeds a “1”. It adds one black pixel at the left or right hand side of the pattern to fit the embedding rules. We use a weighting mechanism to determine which side we can add well. Before embedding, we apply a pre-processing to the binary image to avoid the ambiguous problem. The pre-processing may increase capacity of the image. This method is suit for binary images, especially good for text document, Chinese calligraphy, and hand-writings. We can extract the data from the binary image without prior knowledge of the original size of the image.
近年來,資訊嵌入或資訊隱藏的技術愈來愈多,其目的是讓我們能夠藏入額外的資料在原本的檔案裡。而這些檔案的類型有很多種,例如圖檔、影片檔和音訊檔案。資料嵌入可以用於保護著作權和秘密通訊等領域上。這些隱藏的技術,大體上可以分成二種類型:一種是在空間域(spatial domain),而另一種則是在頻率域(Frequency domain)中嵌入資料。在空間域裡,主要的原理就是小幅度地改變原始影像的像素值,使得人眼不易察覺,進而達到隱藏資料的目的。在頻率域中,則是利用了人眼對於高頻訊號不易感知的原理,所以我們可以對高頻訊號加以改變,仍使肉眼不易看出改變之處,而達到資料隱藏的目標。現今大部份的資料隱藏方法,大多都著墨於彩色和灰階色域之上,而鮮少有方法是針對純粹黑白兩色的影像。這主要是因為彩色和灰階的影像中,每一像素值的範圍很大(0~255),若我們輕微更改其像素值,人眼不易發覺;然而在黑白的影像之中,改變少部份的像素值,人眼卻對此影像很敏感,因此黑白影像的資料隱藏方法很少有人提及。本篇論文即是要提出一套在黑白影像中嵌入資料的方法。此方法是先對整張影像作一次前處理,以避免模稜兩可(ambiguity)的問題發生。再來就是根據定義好的參數,找出可以藏入資料的樣版(pattern)。而藏入的方法則是看此樣本的黑像素的個數,若為偶數,則代表藏入”0”;若為奇數,則代表藏入”1”。此方法對於文字文件、中國毛筆字、以及手寫簽名字等黑白影像表現特別好,而且在取出資料時,不必事先知道原本的檔案大小以及範圍,只要確實地把整個藏入後的部份都包含進來即可進行解碼的動作,實在是一項方便又強大的優點。
2009年11月25日 星期三
2009年11月12日 星期四
New Steganography Technique for Palette Based
標題:New Steganography Technique for Palette BasedImages
作者:S.G.K.D.N. Samaratunge
Abstract:
Steganography is the art and science of hidinginformation.The goal of steganography is to avoid drawing suspicion to the transmission of a hidden message. The success of steganography depends on the secrecy of the cover carrier.Once the steganographic carrier is disclosed then the security depends on the robustness of the algorithm and the cryptographic methods used. Therefore, to maintain secrecy either we need to make the carrier more robust against steganalysis or discover new and better carriers. This paper discusses a new steganography technique for palette based images. Secret message is encrypted using public key cryptography before hiding. The bits of encrypted message will be hidden inside the stretched palette of image.
翻譯摘要:
資訊隱藏是在隱藏資訊上的技術與科學。資訊隱藏的目標是為了避免被懷疑傳送隱藏的訊息。
成功的資訊隱藏依靠保密來保護傳送人。一旦資訊隱藏的傳送者洩漏資訊,也必須依靠強大的演算法和使用密碼的方法。因此,為了維護任一個秘密,我們要準備傳送者及更多強韌的的防護隱藏分析或尋找新的和更好的傳送者(個人覺得式傳送方式)。這個論文討論了新的在調色板為基礎的影像上之資料隱藏技術。再隱藏前,秘密訊息的編譯使用公開的密碼鑰匙。 這個用密碼編譯的訊息會隱藏在影像的調色盤結構裡面。
作者:S.G.K.D.N. Samaratunge
Abstract:
Steganography is the art and science of hidinginformation.The goal of steganography is to avoid drawing suspicion to the transmission of a hidden message. The success of steganography depends on the secrecy of the cover carrier.Once the steganographic carrier is disclosed then the security depends on the robustness of the algorithm and the cryptographic methods used. Therefore, to maintain secrecy either we need to make the carrier more robust against steganalysis or discover new and better carriers. This paper discusses a new steganography technique for palette based images. Secret message is encrypted using public key cryptography before hiding. The bits of encrypted message will be hidden inside the stretched palette of image.
翻譯摘要:
資訊隱藏是在隱藏資訊上的技術與科學。資訊隱藏的目標是為了避免被懷疑傳送隱藏的訊息。
成功的資訊隱藏依靠保密來保護傳送人。一旦資訊隱藏的傳送者洩漏資訊,也必須依靠強大的演算法和使用密碼的方法。因此,為了維護任一個秘密,我們要準備傳送者及更多強韌的的防護隱藏分析或尋找新的和更好的傳送者(個人覺得式傳送方式)。這個論文討論了新的在調色板為基礎的影像上之資料隱藏技術。再隱藏前,秘密訊息的編譯使用公開的密碼鑰匙。 這個用密碼編譯的訊息會隱藏在影像的調色盤結構裡面。
An information-theoretic model for steganography
An information-theoretic model for steganography with a passive adversary is proposed. The adversary’s task of distinguishing between an innocent cover message C and a modified message S containing hidden information is interpreted as a hypothesis testing problem. The security of a steganographic system is quantified in terms of the relative entropy (or discrimination) between the distributions of C and S, which yields bounds on the detection capability of any adversary. It is shown that secure steganographic schemes exist in this model provided the covertext distribution satisfies certain conditions. A universal stegosystem is presented in this model that needs no knowledge of the covertext distribution, except that it is generated from independently repeated experiments.
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一種隱秘對手訊息的理論被提出。對手的任務區分合法覆蓋消息C和修改信息包含在隱藏信息之間,被解釋為一種假設檢驗的問題。在安全的隱寫系統的量化計算的區別的分佈在C和S之間,這樣產生的邊界檢測能力上的任何對手。結果表明,存在安全隱寫計劃,在這個模型所提供的覆蓋文件滿足某些條件。一個普遍的隱秘系統提出,在這個模型需要知識的覆蓋文件分佈,除了它是產生獨立的反覆試驗。
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一種隱秘對手訊息的理論被提出。對手的任務區分合法覆蓋消息C和修改信息包含在隱藏信息之間,被解釋為一種假設檢驗的問題。在安全的隱寫系統的量化計算的區別的分佈在C和S之間,這樣產生的邊界檢測能力上的任何對手。結果表明,存在安全隱寫計劃,在這個模型所提供的覆蓋文件滿足某些條件。一個普遍的隱秘系統提出,在這個模型需要知識的覆蓋文件分佈,除了它是產生獨立的反覆試驗。
S-Tools (調色盤比較)
翻譯中
With the development of communication technologies,importance of privacy and intellectual property has increased.Therefore, protecting private information during digital communication has become an important issue.
Steganography, which is the science and the art of communicating in a hidden way, provides tools for protection of the private information, which will be embedded in digital signals such as audio and video . Information hiding techniques have been used for covered information exchange over communication networks. The access restricted ID applications in SIS[1] become more popular day-by-day including Geographic Information Systems and Defence Information Systems. Due to the increase in information exchange over communication networks, information security has become an important issue that needs to be considered. Although it is difficult and time consuming to produce and exchange SIS data in digital form, it is very easy for unauthorized users to access and obtain them over the communication networks.
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隨著通訊技術的發展,隱私和智慧財產權變的越來越重要。因此,當在通訊時如何保護私人訊息變成首要的議題。資訊隱藏,也就是通訊時如何隱藏訊息的科技與藝術,提供了這樣的工具來保護私人訊息,隱藏在數位信號 如:圖像或音訊檔裡。在通訊網路裡資訊隱藏技術被用來掩護訊息交換的。SIS裡應用通過的限制ID變的越來越受歡迎也包括了 地理學訊息系統與防護訊息系統。有鑑於越來越多在通訊網路上的資訊交換,資訊安全也變成非常重要的議題。雖然
轉換SIS資料成為數位信號很複雜且費時,但是卻很容易在通訊網路上被非授權使用者通過並取得那些轉換過的資料。
先這樣把,.....
[1]SIS:secret intelligence service 祕密情報處 嗎?
Steganography, which is the science and the art of communicating in a hidden way, provides tools for protection of the private information, which will be embedded in digital signals such as audio and video . Information hiding techniques have been used for covered information exchange over communication networks. The access restricted ID applications in SIS[1] become more popular day-by-day including Geographic Information Systems and Defence Information Systems. Due to the increase in information exchange over communication networks, information security has become an important issue that needs to be considered. Although it is difficult and time consuming to produce and exchange SIS data in digital form, it is very easy for unauthorized users to access and obtain them over the communication networks.
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=--=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
隨著通訊技術的發展,隱私和智慧財產權變的越來越重要。因此,當在通訊時如何保護私人訊息變成首要的議題。資訊隱藏,也就是通訊時如何隱藏訊息的科技與藝術,提供了這樣的工具來保護私人訊息,隱藏在數位信號 如:圖像或音訊檔裡。在通訊網路裡資訊隱藏技術被用來掩護訊息交換的。SIS裡應用通過的限制ID變的越來越受歡迎也包括了 地理學訊息系統與防護訊息系統。有鑑於越來越多在通訊網路上的資訊交換,資訊安全也變成非常重要的議題。雖然
轉換SIS資料成為數位信號很複雜且費時,但是卻很容易在通訊網路上被非授權使用者通過並取得那些轉換過的資料。
先這樣把,.....
[1]SIS:secret intelligence service 祕密情報處 嗎?
Abstract.
在本篇PAPER中圖片進行加密或浮水印隱藏皆是利用頻域來做編碼,利用隨機相位來掩飾最初的影象,使圖片無法被識破,這種方法是利用選取出的圖片加密加上浮水印技術,以增加安全性,使改變後的圖片不容易被發現,最後,我們需要2把鑰匙KEY才能夠將圖片還原,這個提出的方法是通過計算機模擬後所提出的.
In this paper image cryptography and steganography performed in frequency domain using random phase mask encoding are presented. The use of random phase mask allows to deccorrelate initial image and makes it unrecognized. This property is used for proposed image encryption and for steganography to increase the security level of the encoded image and to make it less visible. Finally, two keys are needed to decrypt the image. The efficiency of the proposed approach is demonstrated by the computer modeling.
In this paper image cryptography and steganography performed in frequency domain using random phase mask encoding are presented. The use of random phase mask allows to deccorrelate initial image and makes it unrecognized. This property is used for proposed image encryption and for steganography to increase the security level of the encoded image and to make it less visible. Finally, two keys are needed to decrypt the image. The efficiency of the proposed approach is demonstrated by the computer modeling.
abstract
A novel approach for detection of cheating in visualcryptography based on steganography for hidingdigital signature of the secret image is proposed. The proposed technique hides the verification bits of the signature in the different shares of the participants.For hiding binary “0”, no flipping of the subpixel is done in the block of the share, but change is done for hiding binary “1” by flipping a white (black) subpixel in one of the blocks of black (white) share The hidden signature can be recovered in the presence of all shares and verified by comparing with there constructed digital signature in case of doubt.
躲避偵測的一種新方法是根據隱藏的秘密圖像的數位簽章的隱藏學的視覺密碼時被提及。
這個被提及的技術是在簽章時,在不同的參與者分享中隱藏正確的位元。
當隱藏位元0時,子像素在分享的區塊中不用翻轉,那當隱藏位元1時,子像素是白色的就要翻轉成黑色的,黑色的就要翻轉成白色的。
當如果發生懷疑時,這個簽章可以在全部的分享中恢復,或者是對照建構數位簽章的證實。
躲避偵測的一種新方法是根據隱藏的秘密圖像的數位簽章的隱藏學的視覺密碼時被提及。
這個被提及的技術是在簽章時,在不同的參與者分享中隱藏正確的位元。
當隱藏位元0時,子像素在分享的區塊中不用翻轉,那當隱藏位元1時,子像素是白色的就要翻轉成黑色的,黑色的就要翻轉成白色的。
當如果發生懷疑時,這個簽章可以在全部的分享中恢復,或者是對照建構數位簽章的證實。
Steganography in SMS by Sudoku puzzle 摘要
Abstract:
Sudoku puzzle is a logical game which has recently got very popular. Every day various mass media print these puzzles. As a result these puzzles are a suitable alternative for hidden data transfer. SMS (short message service) is one of the popular mobile-phone services. In this service people can write short messages and send it to each other through mobile phones. In this paper a method has been presented for steganography (hiding data) in Sudoku puzzles and through SMS. In this method after hiding data in a Sudoku puzzle, the puzzle is sent in a way that it does not attract any attention. Steganography algorithm is based on order of place of numbers 1 through 9 in one of the specified row or column of the puzzle. In this algorithm after solving the Sudoku puzzle, one extracts hidden data in accordance with order of numbers 1 through 9 in one of the certain row or column which is with hidden data.
摘要翻譯:
數獨是一種最近非常熱門的邏輯遊戲。許多報紙上面每天都附有數獨遊戲。因為數獨是一種轉換隱藏資料的適當選擇。SMS(簡訊服務)是手機當中一種非常受歡迎的服務。人們可以經由這項服務編寫簡訊並且透過手機寄給其他人。這份文件裡呈現了一個將資料藏在數獨裡且經由SMS的隱藏法。將資料藏進數獨裡之後,這個數獨會以一種不會吸引任何注意力的方式寄出。隱藏的演算法是建立在將1到9數字排序放入數獨棋盤中的行或列的基礎上。在這個演算法裡,解開數獨之後,取出的隱藏資料會跟確定有隱藏資料的行或列裡的數字1到9的排序相同。
Sudoku puzzle is a logical game which has recently got very popular. Every day various mass media print these puzzles. As a result these puzzles are a suitable alternative for hidden data transfer. SMS (short message service) is one of the popular mobile-phone services. In this service people can write short messages and send it to each other through mobile phones. In this paper a method has been presented for steganography (hiding data) in Sudoku puzzles and through SMS. In this method after hiding data in a Sudoku puzzle, the puzzle is sent in a way that it does not attract any attention. Steganography algorithm is based on order of place of numbers 1 through 9 in one of the specified row or column of the puzzle. In this algorithm after solving the Sudoku puzzle, one extracts hidden data in accordance with order of numbers 1 through 9 in one of the certain row or column which is with hidden data.
摘要翻譯:
數獨是一種最近非常熱門的邏輯遊戲。許多報紙上面每天都附有數獨遊戲。因為數獨是一種轉換隱藏資料的適當選擇。SMS(簡訊服務)是手機當中一種非常受歡迎的服務。人們可以經由這項服務編寫簡訊並且透過手機寄給其他人。這份文件裡呈現了一個將資料藏在數獨裡且經由SMS的隱藏法。將資料藏進數獨裡之後,這個數獨會以一種不會吸引任何注意力的方式寄出。隱藏的演算法是建立在將1到9數字排序放入數獨棋盤中的行或列的基礎上。在這個演算法裡,解開數獨之後,取出的隱藏資料會跟確定有隱藏資料的行或列裡的數字1到9的排序相同。
2009年11月11日 星期三
論文摘要
AbstractImage hiding aims to embed a secret image into a cover image to form astego-image, transmitted over the public networks without revealing the secret image.To our best knowledge, the previous research of image hiding mainly focuses onprivacy, good image quality, and high hiding capacity. However, there are twoinevitable issues, not address in present image hiding schemes. Firstly,authentication, ascertaining the origin and integrity of the transmitted images, is animportant issue for the transmitted images. Secondly, some parameters of imagehiding are all shared by sender and receiver in advance so that the hidden image canbe correctly extracted. Nevertheless, if a lot of information has to beshared/transmitted by a secure channel in advance, image hiding becomes impractical.In this thesis, a new secure image hiding scheme, in which the VQ technique isadopted to compress secret images before embedding, is proposed to convey severalsecret images. Other then satisfying the basic properties of image hiding such asprivacy, good image quality, and high hiding capacity, the proposed scheme has othervaluable advantages. Firstly, for transmitting codebook, not only secret images butalso the corresponding codebook is embedded into the cover image. As a result, thecodebook can be automatically extracted by the intended receiver for decompressionin extracting process. Secondly, the proposed scheme highlights a future, imageauthentication of both the stego-image and secret images, often existing in imagesecurity mechanisms but seldom addressed in present image hiding schemes.Thirdly, for transmitting the parameters used in extraction process, digital signature isalso applied to convey the corresponding parameters.
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影像隱藏是將一張祕密影像藏到一張比較不重要的掩護影像中,然後產生一張內含祕密影像的偽裝影像。利用這樣的技術可以將內含祕密影像的偽裝影像透過網路安全地傳送到對方,而不會洩露出其中內含祕密影像。就我們所知,在先前的影像隱藏研究文獻中,主要都集中在影像的隱私性、良好的影像品質以及高隱藏容量的議題上。然而,有二個重要且必須的影像安全議題,但在先前的影像隱藏研究中,卻沒有人把它們納入到影像隱藏的機制上。第一個是驗証,確保被傳送影像的資料來源正確及它的完整性,這對被傳送的影像來說是很重要的議題。第二個是一些用來取出祕密影像的祕密參數,通常由傳送方和接收方事先溝通好,以便能正確地取出祕密影像。但是,如果太多的的祕密資訊在傳送祕密影像前就要事先溝通好,那這樣的影像隱藏機制就變得不實用。在這篇論文中,提出一個新的影像隱藏機制,它可以用來傳送多張的祕密影像。但是,在將祕密影像藏入掩護影像之前,必須先用向量量化的技術將祕密影像做壓縮以縮小隱藏資訊的量。另外,在這機制中,不僅滿足資訊隱藏的基本屬性如影像的隱私性、良好的影像品質以及高的隱藏容量。它同時還具有以下的加值優點。第一個優點是,我們不只隱藏了祕密影像,同時也將向量量化編碼簿藏到掩護影像裏。而且,在使用者要取出祕密影像時,向量量化編碼簿可以自動的取出做解壓縮的動作。第二個優點是,我們提出一個不同的觀點。就是影像驗証,同時對傳送的偽裝影像和祕密影像做影像認証。第三個優點是,將那些用在取出祕密影像的祕密參數加在數位簽章中,利用數位簽章將這些參數傳送給接收者。因此,數位簽章不僅提供了驗証傳送影像的功能,同時也用來傳送相關的祕密參數。
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影像隱藏是將一張祕密影像藏到一張比較不重要的掩護影像中,然後產生一張內含祕密影像的偽裝影像。利用這樣的技術可以將內含祕密影像的偽裝影像透過網路安全地傳送到對方,而不會洩露出其中內含祕密影像。就我們所知,在先前的影像隱藏研究文獻中,主要都集中在影像的隱私性、良好的影像品質以及高隱藏容量的議題上。然而,有二個重要且必須的影像安全議題,但在先前的影像隱藏研究中,卻沒有人把它們納入到影像隱藏的機制上。第一個是驗証,確保被傳送影像的資料來源正確及它的完整性,這對被傳送的影像來說是很重要的議題。第二個是一些用來取出祕密影像的祕密參數,通常由傳送方和接收方事先溝通好,以便能正確地取出祕密影像。但是,如果太多的的祕密資訊在傳送祕密影像前就要事先溝通好,那這樣的影像隱藏機制就變得不實用。在這篇論文中,提出一個新的影像隱藏機制,它可以用來傳送多張的祕密影像。但是,在將祕密影像藏入掩護影像之前,必須先用向量量化的技術將祕密影像做壓縮以縮小隱藏資訊的量。另外,在這機制中,不僅滿足資訊隱藏的基本屬性如影像的隱私性、良好的影像品質以及高的隱藏容量。它同時還具有以下的加值優點。第一個優點是,我們不只隱藏了祕密影像,同時也將向量量化編碼簿藏到掩護影像裏。而且,在使用者要取出祕密影像時,向量量化編碼簿可以自動的取出做解壓縮的動作。第二個優點是,我們提出一個不同的觀點。就是影像驗証,同時對傳送的偽裝影像和祕密影像做影像認証。第三個優點是,將那些用在取出祕密影像的祕密參數加在數位簽章中,利用數位簽章將這些參數傳送給接收者。因此,數位簽章不僅提供了驗証傳送影像的功能,同時也用來傳送相關的祕密參數。
調色盤比較
「調色盤」依照預設會將 RGB 識別為十六進位色彩值,它會顯示出紅色 (R)、綠色 (G) 和藍色 (B) 的十六進位色彩值的顏色數值。十六進位色彩值的 RGB 數值,是根據 00 到 FF 的數值範圍計算而來的。
*把未隱藏與隱藏過後的圖用PhotoImpact開啟它們的調色盤來做比較:
<未隱藏> <隱藏>
*發現隱藏過後的圖,雖用肉眼看沒什麼差別(因藏入的檔案較小),但調色盤完全不一樣,如果藏入過量的資訊肉眼就會直接查覺,也就是已經破壞了影像的品質吧!
*上網找了一些關於s-tool的調色盤資訊:
S-tool 所採用的方式便是先將調色盤的顏色個數減少,比如原本256色的調色盤先將顏色減少成128 個,再另外的產生出128 個顏色,這些新產生出來的顏色,和原本的128 個顏色剛好兩兩配成一對,每一對的三個色頻的RGB 值只有R 值差1,其餘G 值和B 值都一樣,因此每一個索引值可以根據它的R 值的最後一個位元便可以找出個別索引值所代表的機密資訊。當接收方接收到一張有嵌入機密的影像時,只須將每一個像素R 值的最後一個位元取出即可順利取出機密資訊,S-tool 方法的主要缺點就是若我們將調色盤按照顏色作排序,便會發覺到調色盤的顏色成對的出現,如此便會暴露嵌入機密的行為。
調色盤比較
Cryptography and Steganography of Video Information in Modern Communications 摘要
原文:
In this paper image cryptography and steganography performed in frequency domain using random phase mask encoding are presented. The use of random phase mask allows to deccorrelate initial image and makes it unrecognized. This property is used for proposed image encryption and for steganography to increase the security level of the encoded image and to make it less visible. Finally, two keys are needed to decrypt the image. The efficiency of the proposed approach is demonstrated by the computer modeling.
意思是說:
在這篇論文中圖像的密碼學和偽裝學實行在頻率高的領域中利用隨機階段偽裝加密呈現出來。隨機階段偽裝的使用允許沒有關聯的原始圖像讓她變成無法辨識的圖像。這所有權作為被提議的影像密碼技術和偽裝學增加被改為編碼的影像的安全水準而且讓它比較不看得見。最後,解密影像需要二把鑰匙。 提議方法的效率被電腦模型示範出來。
In this paper image cryptography and steganography performed in frequency domain using random phase mask encoding are presented. The use of random phase mask allows to deccorrelate initial image and makes it unrecognized. This property is used for proposed image encryption and for steganography to increase the security level of the encoded image and to make it less visible. Finally, two keys are needed to decrypt the image. The efficiency of the proposed approach is demonstrated by the computer modeling.
意思是說:
在這篇論文中圖像的密碼學和偽裝學實行在頻率高的領域中利用隨機階段偽裝加密呈現出來。隨機階段偽裝的使用允許沒有關聯的原始圖像讓她變成無法辨識的圖像。這所有權作為被提議的影像密碼技術和偽裝學增加被改為編碼的影像的安全水準而且讓它比較不看得見。最後,解密影像需要二把鑰匙。 提議方法的效率被電腦模型示範出來。
Generalized collage steganography on images 摘要
原文摘要 :
In recent years, various steganography and steganalysis methods have been proposed. Collage steganography, a new type of steganographic method, has been introduced to hide the secret message in a way other than the traditional methods. The limitation of the method is the capacity. This paper presents a new generalized collage steganography, an extension of collage steganography, to improve the capacity problem. The secret message is hidden by incorporating object images with transparent features into a cover image. A proper cover image is chosen based on prior capacity analysis. The selected object image and the translation, rotation and scaling factors in the affine transformation are used to hide the secret message as well as the image pixels, coefficients and/or header files. The appearance of the cover image is changed due to the addition of the object image for embedding. The information is retrieved via template matching techniques. The results demonstrate the relationship between different images and its capacity. Several steganographic image examples are illustrated. Comparisons between the collage steganography and the generalized collage steganography show a higher capacity when using the new steganographic method.
中文摘要 :
近年提出各種隱藏和隱藏寫入分析方法。steganographic 是一種新型現已推出以隱藏非傳統的方法的方式的秘密消息。有限制的方式是有能力的。本文提供了一個新的廣義的拼貼隱藏提高能力問題的拼貼隱藏的延伸。機密訊息是藏在以通過將物件圖像的透明功能合併到一個封面圖像裡。適當的封面圖像選擇基於以前的能力分析。若要隱藏機密的資訊,以及圖像的圖元、 係數或標頭檔中使用所選的物件的圖像和翻譯、 旋轉和仿射變換縮放因數。由於內嵌物件圖像的添加而更改封面圖像的外觀。有關通過匹配技術的範本中檢索。結果顯示不同的圖像和能力之間的關係。幾個 steganographic 圖像示例被插圖。隱藏及廣義的拼貼隱藏的比較高容量時顯示使用新的 steganographic 方法。
很多地方還是看不懂,需要多花點時間來看
In recent years, various steganography and steganalysis methods have been proposed. Collage steganography, a new type of steganographic method, has been introduced to hide the secret message in a way other than the traditional methods. The limitation of the method is the capacity. This paper presents a new generalized collage steganography, an extension of collage steganography, to improve the capacity problem. The secret message is hidden by incorporating object images with transparent features into a cover image. A proper cover image is chosen based on prior capacity analysis. The selected object image and the translation, rotation and scaling factors in the affine transformation are used to hide the secret message as well as the image pixels, coefficients and/or header files. The appearance of the cover image is changed due to the addition of the object image for embedding. The information is retrieved via template matching techniques. The results demonstrate the relationship between different images and its capacity. Several steganographic image examples are illustrated. Comparisons between the collage steganography and the generalized collage steganography show a higher capacity when using the new steganographic method.
中文摘要 :
近年提出各種隱藏和隱藏寫入分析方法。steganographic 是一種新型現已推出以隱藏非傳統的方法的方式的秘密消息。有限制的方式是有能力的。本文提供了一個新的廣義的拼貼隱藏提高能力問題的拼貼隱藏的延伸。機密訊息是藏在以通過將物件圖像的透明功能合併到一個封面圖像裡。適當的封面圖像選擇基於以前的能力分析。若要隱藏機密的資訊,以及圖像的圖元、 係數或標頭檔中使用所選的物件的圖像和翻譯、 旋轉和仿射變換縮放因數。由於內嵌物件圖像的添加而更改封面圖像的外觀。有關通過匹配技術的範本中檢索。結果顯示不同的圖像和能力之間的關係。幾個 steganographic 圖像示例被插圖。隱藏及廣義的拼貼隱藏的比較高容量時顯示使用新的 steganographic 方法。
很多地方還是看不懂,需要多花點時間來看
s-tool 調色盤的比較
之前學會了 如何使用 S-TOOLS
現在就要用它來檢驗圖片的調色盤有無變更
這有兩張圖
你們猜猜看 哪張是有藏資訊的
選擇左邊的舉左手 選擇右邊的舉右手
答案是 左邊的 你猜對了嗎
我知道很難猜
照理來說 應該調色盤會改變才對
可是我所做出來的圖片 並無太大的差異
可能是我藏的資訊太小?
我藏了270KB
我試做了很多次
ANS都依樣 所以囉
下次換個媒體做看看
An Efficient Reversible Information Hiding Scheme Based on Interval Expansion 的摘要翻譯
Reversible information hiding technique not only can effectively embed secret message into a host image, but also can completely remove the concealed message to recover the original media. This technique has been widely used in medical and military areas. Because these two areas not allow any error and the reversible information hiding technique is suitable for the request. Its practicability and significant make the reversible information hiding technique to become an important research issue. This paper proposes an efficiency reversible hiding scheme based on interval expansion. The proposed scheme expands the interval between pixels to embed information in an image. The receiver can extract the concealed message and restore the original image from the stego image.
這些是他的原文
因為有些生字不太會 所以用了 GOOGLE
不得不大力讚賞它
果然好用 幫助很多
大致上 再講說
隱藏技術不僅能把秘密訊息 寫入到影像裡
而且可以完全消除隱藏的信息來恢復原始的影像
不只是限於影像啦 很多東西都可以適用
然後廣泛使用於 醫療上 軍事上
接收器可以提取隱蔽信息並恢復原始影像
他指的接收器 我也不知道是指哪個
s-tool使用
接觸新的工具 S-TOOLS
所以大概摸索了一下
大致上會用了 我選擇了
用圖片隱藏資訊(文件)
這是原圖 未隱藏的
可以隱藏資訊
我隱藏的文件
這是隱藏後的圖
我就用S-TOOLS 解密
沒錯 我裡面藏了 一些重要文件
使用上簡顯易懂
還不錯 雖然我現階段沒需要用到這個軟體
不過我想將來 資訊隱藏一定必備的
秘密太多....
Steganography in MMS摘要
摘要
隨著快速成長的網路,建立隱藏的溝通是一個重要的課題,安全也變得越來越重要了。
其中一種方法是建立隱藏的溝通就是偽裝(Steganography)。另一方面利用手機通信服務的公司開始增加額外的功能,如MMS(多媒體信息服務),以吸引更多的顧客。考慮到上述的說法,隱藏在MMS的消息是一個很好的解決方案,建立隱藏的溝通。本文提出了一種新方法,在MMS的訊息可以同時使用文字和圖像隱寫術的方法,使用J2ME的編譯程式語言。
隨著快速成長的網路,建立隱藏的溝通是一個重要的課題,安全也變得越來越重要了。
其中一種方法是建立隱藏的溝通就是偽裝(Steganography)。另一方面利用手機通信服務的公司開始增加額外的功能,如MMS(多媒體信息服務),以吸引更多的顧客。考慮到上述的說法,隱藏在MMS的消息是一個很好的解決方案,建立隱藏的溝通。本文提出了一種新方法,在MMS的訊息可以同時使用文字和圖像隱寫術的方法,使用J2ME的編譯程式語言。
Exploring steganography: Seeing the unseen 摘要
Steganography is the art of hiding information in ways that prevent the detection of hidden messages.
資訊隱藏是預防隱藏訊息被查覺的隱藏訊息之藝術
Steganography, derived from Greek, literally means “covered writing.”
資訊隱藏一詞由希臘字來,字面意思為偽裝寫作
It includes a vast array of secret communications methods that conceal the message’s very existence.
它包含了很多隱藏訊息存在的秘密通訊方法
These methods include invisible inks, microdots, character arrangement, digital signatures, covert channels, and spread spectrum communications.
這些方法包括隱形墨水、點文字,字元排列,數位簽章、變換頻道、展頻
Steganography and cryptography are cousins in the spycraft family.
資訊隱藏和密碼學是間碟工藝家族的表兄弟
Cryptography scrambles a message so it cannot be understood.
密碼學混亂訊息所以訊息不能被解讀
Steganography hides the message so it cannot be seen.
資訊隱藏隱藏訊息所以訊息不能被看到
A message in ciphertext, for instance, might arouse suspicion on the part of the recipient while an “invisible” message created with steganographic methods will not.
例如一個在密文的訊息可能引起一部分的接收者懷疑,然而一個用資訊隱藏方法隱藏的訊息則不會
In this article we discuss image files and how to hide information in them, and we discuss results obtained from evaluating available steganoStgraphic software.
在本文我們會討論影像檔及如何隱藏訊息在裡面,並且我們討論從“evaluating available steganoStgraphic software“所得到的結果
For a brief look at how steganography evolved, see the “Steganography: Some History” sidebar
在花邊小故事“資訊隱藏:一些歷史“我們簡短看資訊隱藏的演進
看不懂的英文字
conceal隱藏
sidebar與正文有關的花邊新聞
字典找不到的字
spycraft 我是翻間碟工藝不知道對不對
翻不出來的句子
and we discuss results obtained from evaluating available steganoStgraphic software.
認為有點怪的句子
It includes a vast array of secret communications methods that conceal the message’s very existence.
the message’s very existence 很怪very existence很怪
資訊隱藏是預防隱藏訊息被查覺的隱藏訊息之藝術
Steganography, derived from Greek, literally means “covered writing.”
資訊隱藏一詞由希臘字來,字面意思為偽裝寫作
It includes a vast array of secret communications methods that conceal the message’s very existence.
它包含了很多隱藏訊息存在的秘密通訊方法
These methods include invisible inks, microdots, character arrangement, digital signatures, covert channels, and spread spectrum communications.
這些方法包括隱形墨水、點文字,字元排列,數位簽章、變換頻道、展頻
Steganography and cryptography are cousins in the spycraft family.
資訊隱藏和密碼學是間碟工藝家族的表兄弟
Cryptography scrambles a message so it cannot be understood.
密碼學混亂訊息所以訊息不能被解讀
Steganography hides the message so it cannot be seen.
資訊隱藏隱藏訊息所以訊息不能被看到
A message in ciphertext, for instance, might arouse suspicion on the part of the recipient while an “invisible” message created with steganographic methods will not.
例如一個在密文的訊息可能引起一部分的接收者懷疑,然而一個用資訊隱藏方法隱藏的訊息則不會
In this article we discuss image files and how to hide information in them, and we discuss results obtained from evaluating available steganoStgraphic software.
在本文我們會討論影像檔及如何隱藏訊息在裡面,並且我們討論從“evaluating available steganoStgraphic software“所得到的結果
For a brief look at how steganography evolved, see the “Steganography: Some History” sidebar
在花邊小故事“資訊隱藏:一些歷史“我們簡短看資訊隱藏的演進
看不懂的英文字
conceal隱藏
sidebar與正文有關的花邊新聞
字典找不到的字
spycraft 我是翻間碟工藝不知道對不對
翻不出來的句子
and we discuss results obtained from evaluating available steganoStgraphic software.
認為有點怪的句子
It includes a vast array of secret communications methods that conceal the message’s very existence.
the message’s very existence 很怪very existence很怪
分享一個不錯的網站
大家好,我是佑維,前幾天收到朋友介紹一個網站,是和資訊科技發明新聞的網站,我看了幾集覺得還不錯,推薦給你們,如果你們也覺得不錯再推薦給朋友及學弟妹!網址如下:http://www.shootpod.com/
色盤
1.上次的原圖(此為gif版本).-------------------------------
原圖的色盤(未排序).
排序方式的種類(此使用亮度).
依亮度排序的色盤.
精簡後的色盤.(此例與精簡前並無差別)
2.隱藏資訊後的圖像(此為gif版本).-------------------------------
色盤(未排序).
依亮度排序的色盤.
精簡後的色盤.
3.隱藏比前例大的資訊量後的圖像(此為gif版本).-----------------------
色盤(未排序).
依亮度排序的色盤.(此例與精簡後的色盤相同)
另外,
但是原因,
原圖的色盤(未排序).
排序方式的種類(此使用亮度).
依亮度排序的色盤.
精簡後的色盤.(此例與精簡前並無差別)
2.隱藏資訊後的圖像(此為gif版本).-------------------------------
色盤(未排序).
依亮度排序的色盤.
精簡後的色盤.
3.隱藏比前例大的資訊量後的圖像(此為gif版本).-----------------------
色盤(未排序).
依亮度排序的色盤.(此例與精簡後的色盤相同)
photoshop沒找到色盤,
所以一開始有點傷腦筋.
最後是把圖傳給別人,
請他拍一下色盤.
gif因為有壓縮的關係,
gif因為有壓縮的關係,
所以隱藏資訊後,
差異度較bmp(之前的版本)明顯.
(可點這裡連結到之前的頁面)
有明顯地不自然的點點.
不像之前bmp的版本,
就算努力張大眼睛看,
也不一定看得出來,
藏資訊前和藏資訊後的差別.
藏訊前後,
色盤的變化,
有一點整體亮度變暗的傾向.(如下圖.若看不清楚,請點開看大圖.)
另外,
第三張圖藏的訊息(此為txt檔),
是第二張的三倍.
色盤比較容易看出來部分是,
精簡後的色票數.
第三張稍微比第二張多一點點.
但是原因,
還不是很清楚.
2009年11月10日 星期二
S-TOOL 調色盤
An effective image steganographic scheme based on wavelet transformation and pattern-based modification摘要
作者:Chin-Chen Chang; Tung-Shou Chen; Hsien-Chu Hsia
出處:IEEEComputer Networks and Mobile Computing, 2003. ICCNMC 2003. 2003 International Conference on Volume , Issue , 20-23 Oct. 2003 Page(s): 450 - 453
文章連結:點我
An effective image steganographic scheme based on wavelet transformation and pattern-based modification
Summary(摘要):
In this paper, a new scheme for image steganography is presented.
在這篇文章中,介紹新的計畫有關數位圖像偽裝
The proposed scheme has the ability to hide secret message in a digital image.
目標是把秘密訊息藏在圖像中
We call the scheme the pattern-based image steganography (PBIS).
我們把它稱為基本樣式圖像偽裝(PBIS)
First, PBIS does discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) on the digital image;
首先,使用分離(不連續?)微波(?)轉變在數位圖像
separates the transformation result into nonoverlapping blocks, and classifies the wavelet coefficients of these blocks into several patterns.
分開的轉變使得區塊不重疊,這些分類的微波係數區塊會有這些模式.
這一行...完全看不懂
The secret message is embedded into the image by changing the coefficients' patterns.
秘密訊息被放在圖像裡藉由改變係數模式
The performance and reliability of PBIS are shown in the experimental results.
PBIS的成果和可行性顯示在實驗結果
The quality of the stego image of the proposed scheme is very close to that of the original one.
隱密圖像的質量和原本的是非常相近
Moreover, our scheme can be survived under JPEG lossy compression.
此外,這可以活在(適用?)在JPEG的有損壓縮下
翻的好差>.<
出處:IEEEComputer Networks and Mobile Computing, 2003. ICCNMC 2003. 2003 International Conference on Volume , Issue , 20-23 Oct. 2003 Page(s): 450 - 453
文章連結:點我
An effective image steganographic scheme based on wavelet transformation and pattern-based modification
Summary(摘要):
In this paper, a new scheme for image steganography is presented.
在這篇文章中,介紹新的計畫有關數位圖像偽裝
The proposed scheme has the ability to hide secret message in a digital image.
目標是把秘密訊息藏在圖像中
We call the scheme the pattern-based image steganography (PBIS).
我們把它稱為基本樣式圖像偽裝(PBIS)
First, PBIS does discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) on the digital image;
首先,使用分離(不連續?)微波(?)轉變在數位圖像
separates the transformation result into nonoverlapping blocks, and classifies the wavelet coefficients of these blocks into several patterns.
分開的轉變使得區塊不重疊,這些分類的微波係數區塊會有這些模式.
這一行...完全看不懂
The secret message is embedded into the image by changing the coefficients' patterns.
秘密訊息被放在圖像裡藉由改變係數模式
The performance and reliability of PBIS are shown in the experimental results.
PBIS的成果和可行性顯示在實驗結果
The quality of the stego image of the proposed scheme is very close to that of the original one.
隱密圖像的質量和原本的是非常相近
Moreover, our scheme can be survived under JPEG lossy compression.
此外,這可以活在(適用?)在JPEG的有損壓縮下
翻的好差>.<
S-Tool之調色盤比對
經由上次的經驗之後,我對S-Tool已經完全不陌生了,正當我開心這樣想並且動工時,
一切都很平順時,突然.....
出現的像上面的圖,頓時我傻眼了.....,該選擇哪個呢??
我想說它都已經為我選好了.....那我就遵從囉!
我將我的原始圖以及要加密的圖利用PhotoImpact來看色盤,上方左圖為Luffer的色盤,而右圖為Zoro的色盤。
經過加密之後,同樣用PhotoImpact來看色盤,下圖為加密後的色盤
結論:
經過這次的實驗,我對於S-Tools的疑問更大了,尤其是在對gif檔加密。
在『Picture hiding options』時,有兩個選項,我曾經點過第一個,
可是之後把加密後的圖檔拉到S-Tools時,就會失敗了。屢試不爽阿~~~
真的是很奇妙阿~~~~
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